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Antiviral therapy can reduce the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B. As for the first-line antiviral drugs, more studies have shown that tenofovir disoproxil fumarate may be better than entecavir in reducing the risk of HCC, especially among Asian patients; a limited number of studies have shown that tenofovir alafenamide fumarate may be better than tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in reducing the risk of HCC; interferon has a better effect than nucleos(t)ide analogues alone in reducing the risk of HCC. Among the currently available drugs, interferon combined with nucleos(t)ide analogues may be the best choice to reduce the risk of HCC in patients at a high risk of HCC. The level of evidence-based medicine is weak for comparing the effect of different drugs in reducing the risk of HCC, and randomized controlled trials are needed for further clarification. In practice, it is necessary to weigh the risk of HCC, drug tolerance and economic affordability based on the patient's basic conditions and actual situations, so as to develop individualized anti-viral strategies.
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Objective:Analyze the drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) to commonly used anti-tuberculosis drugs and its spatial distribution in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture from 2017 to 2019, which would provid a reference for the treatment of tuberculosis and the prevention and control of drug-resistant tuberculosis. Methods:A total of 1 013 Mycobacterial strains were isolated from sputum samples in the tuberculosis laboratories of the designated People′s hospital of 12 counties (cities) of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture from January 2017 to December 2019. Proportional method was used to conduct drug susceptibility tests and strain identification of 6 anti-tuberculosis drugs. Further used ArcMap10.2 and GeoDa1.14 software to visualize the map display and spatial autocorrelation analysis of the drug resistance of MTB.Results:From 2017 to 2019, the drug resistance rates of MTB in Dali Prefecture were 10.33%(28/271), 10.35%(55/531) and 30.00%(51/170), respectively, showing an rising trend ( χ2=26.62, P<0.05). Among 1 030 samples, 972 strains (95.95%) was MTB and 41 strains (4.05%) was non-tuberculous Mycobacterium (NTM). The total resistance rate of 972 strains of MTB was 13.79% (134/972), of which the single resistance rate was 6.59% (64/972), the multi-drug resistance rate was 4.84% (47/972), and the poly-drug resistance rate was 2.06% (20/972), the rate of extensive drug resistance is 0.31% (3/972). There are 25 combinations of drug resistance patterns. The detection rate of NTM was 4% (41/1 013), among which Midu County had the highest detection rate (0.89%, 9/1 013). The spatial distribution showed that the number of MTB resistant strains among counties and cities had a negative spatial correlation (Moran′s I value was -0.367, P<0.05). It shows that there is no clustering of drug resistance among counties and cities, and the resistance is serious in individual counties and cities. Yongping County and Nanjian Yi Autonomous County had low and high aggregation, and Yunlong County had high and low aggregation. Conclusions:The drug resistance of MTB showed an rising trend in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture from 2017 to 2019. The number of drug-resistant strains among regions was not randomly distributed, the regional difference was large, and spatial autocorrelation analysis provided theoretical clues and basis for the formulation of drug resistance prevention and control measures for tuberculosis in the whole state.
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Aim To observe the correlation between the TPL's suppression on myofibrolbasts(MFBs)activation and TGF-β1/ERK/Smad3 pathway by performing in vivo and in vitro experiments.Methods In vitro model of MFBs activation was set up by stimulating fibroblasts with TGF-β1,and in vivo model of MFBs activation in radiated lung tissue was built by thoracic radiation on C57BL/6 mice.MFBs activation was analyzed by detecting the expression of α-SMA(using RT-PCR and Western blot)and Col Ⅰ(using RT-PCR and ELISA methods).The levels of p-ERK,p-Smad3(Ser208)and p-Smad3(Ser423)were measured by Western blot.ERK siRNA and Smad3 siRNA were used to observe the status of ERK and Smad3 in MFBs activation.Results TGF-β1 activated p-ERK/p-Smad3(Ser208)and p-Smad3(Ser423),increased the expression of α-SMA and synthesis of Col Ⅰ,which indicated MFBs activation.siRNA knockdown assay showed that both ERK and Smad3 were involved in regulating the levels of α-SMA and Col Ⅰ,and ERK influenced MFBs transformation possibly through its phosphorylation of Smad3(Ser208).TPL treatment inhibited the phosphorylation activation of ERK,Smad3(Ser208),Smad3(Ser423)in vitro and in vivo,therefore significantly reduced the level of α-SMA and Col Ⅰ,and the number of activated MFBs was decreased.Conclusion TPL mitigates radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the activation of MFBs,which is partly through suppressing TGF-β1/ERK/Smad3 pathway.
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Objective To explore the neurovascular distribution around multifidus muscles in the low back and its clinical significance via regional dissection.Methods Five cadavers were dissected in the low back.The anatomical relationships between the longissimus thoracis,iliocostalis and the start-stop,direction and position of multifidus muscles were observed.Branches,distribution and the characteristics of the erector spinae muscle,the lateral branches of spinal nerves and blood vessels were examined.Then measured the distances from the emerging point of the lateral cutaneous branches of spinal nerves to the spinous processes.Results After removed the deep fascia,the longissimus thoracis was found medially and the iliocostalis was found laterally.The muhifidus muscles located deeply to the longissimus and the iliocostalis muscles.The lateral branches of the posterior rami of the spinal nerves and the dorsal branches of lumbar blood vessels run in the multifidus muscle gaps.Conclusion The multifidus muscle gaps contain plenty of neurovascular bundles.Surgery involving the low back often takes the advantage of the gaps between multifidus muscles.Therefore,surgeons should take caution to avoid damaging the lateral branches of the posterior rami of the spinal nerves and the dorsal branches of lumbar vessels during low back surgery.
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Objective To investigate influence on the quality of life of psychological intervention combined with hydrochlorothiazide on the treatment of the patients undergoing heart valve replacement. Methods The control group after heart valve replacement surgery were accepted the routine drug combined with hydrochlorothiazide, at this basis, the study group were received targeted nursing interventions. The changes of quality of life (SF-36) before and after cardiac valve replacement in the two groups were recorded. The effect in the two groups were compared. Results There was no statistically significant in SF-36 in the two groups before heart valve replacement; After treatment, the SF-36 scale scores in the 2 groups were significantly higher than that before treatment, and the SF-36 scale score in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The combination of hydrochlorothiazide and psychological intervention in the patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement can significantly improve the quality of life and improve the prognosis.
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Objective To investigate the effect of psychological intervention on patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with cisplatin or gemcitabine or Changchun vinorelbine. Methods 64 cases of patients with non-small cell lung cancer after surgery, nursing for patients in the group given basic treatment, routine care control group, the observation group based on routine nursing and psychological nursing effects were compared between the two groups. Results No significant difference of anxiety and depression in the patients of the two groups before nursing, after grouping nursing, the observation group improved significantly; compared two groups of patients with quality of life score, visible two group before the intervention had no significant difference after intervention group was clearly observed after the patients in the observation group were higher than that of the control group, comparison between groups were indicates that the difference is obvious (P<0.05). Conclusion Chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer after surgery for patients with psychological intervention, compared to conventional nursing, can improve the psychological status of patients with better, improve the quality of life of patients, so it is worthy of reference in clinical use.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relationship between the distributions of posterior ramus of spinal nerve (PRSN) and locations of acupoint in low back through anatomical observation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The regional anatomy was performed at five corpses to observe the distribution of erector spinae muscle and PRSN in areas ofpoints and back-points in low back.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The T, L, L, Land LPRSN distributed on both sides of the spine; the medial branches of PRSN travelled between spinalis thoracis muscle and longissimus thoracis muscle, while the lateral branches of PRSN travelled between longissimus thoracis muscle and iliocostalis lumborum muscle.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b> points and back-points in low back are closely associated with PRSN, particularly T, L, L, Land L.</p>
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Objeetive:To screen the different extracts from Geranium strictipes with anticaries activity,and to study the effect of the active extract on the production of acid and polysaccharides of oral cariogenic bacteria.Methods:Chlorhexidine and Galla Chinensis were used as the positive controls.Tube double dilution method was used to study the extracts of Geranium strictipes on the growth of Streptococcus mutans (S.mutans) and Actinomyce viscosus (A.viscosus).First,the activity of 5 extracts fom Geranium strictipes against S.mutans,A.viscosus was detected.Their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were obtained.The effects of 4 lower concentrations(＜ MIC) of the active extract on the production of oral bacterial acid polysaccharides were examined.Results:The effect of n-butanol extraction part of Geranium strictipes was the strongest among all the extracts against the two kinds of bacteria in the inhibition of bacteria growth,bacterial acid production and polysaccharides production,but weaker than that of Chlorhexidine and Galla Chinensis.Conclusion:N-butanol extraction part of Geranium strictipes may be a natural and effective anti-caries agent.
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Aim To find new kinase inhibitors that o-vercome the imatinib resistance in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia ( CML ) by synthesizing C085, a novel derivative of curcumin , and testing its activities against wild-type( WT) and imatinib-resistant mutant Abl kinases , as well as in imatinib-resistant CML cells in vitro.Methods Cell proliferation and apoptosis were examined using MTT assay and flow cy-tometry, respectively;Kinase activity was measured u-sing Kinase-Glo Luminescent Kinase Assay Platform in recombinant WT and mutant ( Q252H, Y253F, and T315I) Abl kinases.The phosphorylation levels of Bcr-Abl initiated signaling proteins were analyzed using Western blotting .Colony forming units ( CFU ) growth was used to test the effects of C 085 on human leukemia progenitor/stem cells.Results C085 suppressed the growth of imatinib-resistant K562/G01 cells and po-tently inhibited both WT and mutant ( Q252H, Y253F, and T315I) Abl kinase activities in a non-ATP com-petitive manner with the values of IC 50 at low nanomole levels.C085 dose-dependently down-regulated Bcr-Abl kinase activity in K562/G01 cells as judged by auto-phosphorylation and Stat 5 , Crkl phosphorylation , and inhibited the phosphorylation of downstream targets Raf,Mek and Erk with protein content reducing .C085 could directly impact mitochondrial PT hole and make it open, which prevents the activation of caspase cas-cade reaction and induces the apoptosis .Furthermore, C085 significantly suppressed CFU growth , implicating that C085 could inhibit human leukemia progenitor/stem cells.Conclusion C085 may inhibit K562/G01 cells through inhibiting Bcr-Abl kinase activity and down-regulating the downstream signal proteins .Di-rectly acting on mitochondrial PT hole and then activa-ting apoptosis-associated proteins are also involved in the pro-apoptotic effect of C085.C085 is a promising compound for the treatment of CML patients with Bcr-Abl kinase domain mutations that confer imatinib re-sistance .
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Aim To investigate the effect of BMS- 345541 on the repair of DNA DSBs induced by VP-16 in AML cells and its possible mechanism. Methods The effects of BMS-345541 on the sensitivity of AML cells to VP-16 were determined by MTT. Flow cytome-try ( FCM) was applied to test the level of DNA dam-age, cell cycle progression and apoptosis in AML cells. High content analysis ( HCA) was used to verify the amount ofγ-H2AX,p-ATM,RAD51 in AML cells. Results BMS-345541 could significantly inhibit the proliferation of AML cells induced by VP-16 . BMS- ＜br> 345541 increased the amount of RAD51 foci and p-ATM foci in AML cells treated with VP-16 after 6 hours , which led to increased numbers of cells in the G2/M phases of the cell cycle,then induced apoptotic cell death. Conclusion BMS-345541 sensitizes AML cells to VP-16 via selective inhibition of homologous recombinational repair of DNA double-strand breaks.
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A new method based on the multiple locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) was applied for the genotyping of combined HIV Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Dali to investigate the genotyping and distribution pattern of Myco‐bacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates with MLVA .Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates were selected from Dali area , and the polymorphism of VNTR locus was tested with PCR .The clustering of genotype was analyzed by BioNumerics (6 .6) . Result showed that 15 VNTR loci of 61 combined HIV Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates were analyzed respectively . There were obvious polymorphisms of VNTRs .The discrimination power of these loci appeared different from each other ,with the biggest Hunter‐Gaston index (0 .839) loci was MIRU26 ,and the smallest one (0 .341) loci was MIRU4 .The clustering of genotype showed that these strains could be categorized into 5 gene clusters and 61 genotype ,the proportions of cluster Ⅰ was the biggest one ,51 .6% were cluster Ⅰ which including 32 strains .The standard strain H37Rv was belongs to cluster Ⅱ .Its indicated that there are obvious polymorphisms of VNTRs of combined HIV Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates in Da‐li .The main genotype was Beijing family genotype .
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Objective To explore the therapeutic effects of combined application of survivin antisense nucleic acid and taxol in subcutaneous xenograft mouse model of Balb/c and to preliminarily investigate the mechanism of the anticancer effects.Methods The model of subcutaneous tumor was established by hypodermic injection of C26 cells into Bal b/c mice.The mice were then randomly divided into five groups through the internal tumor injection:the blank group (C),lipo2000 group (L),paclitaxel group (T),survivin antisense nucleic acid group (A),and survivin antisense nucleic acid combined with paclitaxel group (A+T).We observed tumor growth,determined cell apoptosis by TUNEL method,and detected the expression of survivin by Western blot.Results ① All treatment groups had T/C<60%,which was significantly different from that of group L (P <0.05);the intervention was proved effective in vivo .The tumor inhibition rate of mice tumor weight showed that there were significantly curative effects in groups T,A and A+ T compared with that in group C (P < 0.05 ).The antitumor activity of paclitaxel (tumor inhibition rate of 21.82%±0.84%)could be improved by more than 59% through combination therapy (tumor inhibition rate of 54.1 6% ± 0.32%)concerning inhibition of tumor weight growth.② TUNEL method detected apoptotic cells:The tumor cells hardly had apoptosis in the blank group while T group and A group had a certain number of apoptotic cells.The experiment results suggested that PTX could promote tumor cell apoptosis,and that not only A+T strengthened the effect in killing tumor cells,but also the synergy of both could influence tumor resistance and ultimately make the effect in promoting tumor cell apoptosis conspicuous.③ The expression of survivin protein:The results showed that the expression of survivin protein in group A + T was obviously decreased without the expression of β-actin affected;it did not change significantly in group C compared with group L.The ratio of the A-value in groups T,A and A+T was 0.895 ±0.01 1,0.704 ±0.121 and 0.345 ± 0.01 9,respectively.Analysis of variance t-test showed that the expression level in group A+T obviously differed from that in groups C,L,A and T (P <0.05).Conclusion The combined therapy of survivin antisense nucleic acid and taxol can promote tumor cell apoptosis by downregulating the expression of survivin protein,reduce the body’s resistance to drugs and create synergetic effects.
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Objective To evaluate the effects of acitretin combined with clarithromycin on tumor growth in human oral epidermoid carcinoma xenografts in nude mice,and to investigate their antitumor mechanisms.Methods A cell line of human oral epidermoid carcinoma was subcutaneously inoculated into 31 Balb/c nude mice to establish a xenograft model of human skin tumor.Then,the nude mice were randomly classified into 6 groups according to a double blind protocol:control group (n =6) remaining untreated,placebo group (n =5) treated with wheat flour,acitretin group (n =5) treated with acitretin 7.2 mg/kg per day,clarithromycin group (n =5) treated with clarithromycin 100 mg/kg per day,acitretin + placebo group (n =5) treated with both acitretin (7.2 mg/kg per day) and wheat flour,and acitretin + clarithromycin group (n =5) treated with acitretin (7.2 mg/kg per day) and clarithromycin 100 mg/kg per day.All the drugs were intragastrically administrated once daily.After three weeks of treatment,mice were sacrificed and xenografts were removed.Then,the size and weight of xenografts were measured,and pathological analysis was conducted.Real time-PCR was performed to quantify the mRNA expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB,and immunohistochemistry was carried out to observe the expression of VEGF as well as to determine microvessel density (MVD) and Ki-67 proliferation index.By using the software SPSS 19.0,analysis of variance was performed for comparison of measurement data,and least significant difference (LSD) test for paired comparisons.Results Both the size and weight of xenografts in the acitretin + clarithromycin group were significantly lower than those in the other groups (all P ＜ 0.05).Real-time fluorescence-based PCR revealed weaker mRNA expressions of VEGF and NF-κB in the acitretin + clarithromycin group compared with the control group,clarithromycin group and acitretin group (all P ＜ 0.05).As immunohistochemistry showed,the acitretin + clarithromycin group displayed a decrease in the expression rate (all P ＜ 0.01) and staining intensity of VEGF,MVD (all P ＜ 0.01) with a sparse distribution of microvessels,Ki-67 proliferation index (all P ＜ 0.05) and proliferative activity of tumor cells compared with the control group,clarithromycin group and acitretin group.Conclusion Acitretin combined with clarithromycin can synergistically inhibit the growth of human oral epidermoid carcinoma xenografts in nude mice,downregulate VEGF expression,and suppress angiogenesis and tumor proliferation.
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Aim To explore the anti-proliferation and apoptotic effects of C085, a curcumin derivative, on K562 cells and its mechanism. Methods MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to examine cell prolifera-tion and apoptosis, respectively. The phosphorylation levels of Bcr-Abl initiated signaling proteins were ana-lyzed using Western blot. Results The results showed that C085 suppressed the growth of K562 cells and the IC50 value was about 5-fold lower than that of Cur. C085 also induced significant apoptosis on K562 cells in 24 hours when compared with imatinib. Western blot results demonstrated that C085 down-regulated the phosphorylation of Bcr-Abl in K562 cells in a dose-de-pendent manner. The phosphorylation of Stat 5 and Crkl, which were downstream signaling proteins of Bcr-Abl kinase, was also inhibited by C085. C085 caused the opening of mitochondrial PT holes as detected by JC-1 fluorescent, which inhibited Bcl-2 and enhanced Bax , then induced apoptosis. Conclusion C085 in-hibited BCR-ABL+ K562 cells through inhibiting BCR-ABL kinase activity and down-regulating its down-stream signal proteins. Directly acting on mitochondrial PT hole and then activating apoptosis- associated pro-teins are also involved in the pro-apoptotic effect of C085 .
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Aim To investigate the cytotoxicity of XN4 against AML cells, and the underlying mechanisms by which XN4 might induce DNA damage and apoptotic cell death through reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) . Methods The proliferation inhibition ratio of AML cells was measured by MTT. The level of extracellular ROS, DNA damage, cell cycle process and apoptosis were tested by flow cytometry ( FCM ) . Western blot was applied to test the expression of proteins. Results XN4 significantly inhibited the proliferation of HL-60 and KG1α with IC50 ( 2. 79 ± 0. 15 ) μmol · L-1 and (2. 76 ± 0. 20) μmol·L-1 respectively. XN4 signifi-cantly increased the generation of intracellular ROS, followed by inducing DNA damage and activating the ATM-γ-H2AX signaling, which led to increases of cells in the S phases of the cell cycle. Subsequently, XN4 induced apoptotic cell death through activation of caspase-3 and Parp. Moreover, the above effects were all reversed by the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine ( NAC ) . Conclusion XN4-induced DNA damage and cell apoptosis in AML cells are mediated via ROS generation.
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The presence of hyl gene in 364 PFGE clones of Enterococcus faecium was detected by colony hybridization under conditions of high stringency. The isogenic hyl-deficient mutant (* hyl) was constructed with suicide pTX4577 and screened by allelic replacement. Moreover, an in vitro study was made on the effect of hyl gene detection on the growth ability of hylgene detection on the mutant, and an in vivo study was made on the decrease of virulence in the mouse peritonitis model. The results showed, in the clinical isolates, the positive percentage of hyl gene was 32.8%, which was significantly higher than that (5.3%) in the non-clinical isolates. The * hyl was selected by kanamycin and identified by PCR, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and Southern blot. The experimental evidence indicated that the growth ability of * hyl was remarkably reduced in comparison with that of the wild-type strain. The percentage survival of mice in TX2466 groups was 0, while that of * hyl groups was 50% at the same inoculum in mouse peritonitis. The differences were significant. These data suggest that hyl gene in specific E. faecium strains may be enriched in determinants that make them more likely to cause clinical infections. Being important in the pathogenesis, hyl gene is probably a major virulence factor of Enterococcus faecium.
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Animals , Male , Mice , Enterococcus faecium , Genetics , Virulence , Genes, Bacterial , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections , Microbiology , Hyaluronoglucosaminidase , Genetics , Mice, Inbred ICR , Mutation , Peritonitis , Microbiology , Virulence , Virulence Factors , Genetics , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the prevalence of virulence genes(ply, pspA, nanA, lytA, psaA) among Streptococcus pneumoniae recently isolated from clinical patients. Methods The 133 strains were isolated from patients in three teaching hospitals in Chongqing from 2006 to 2008. Polymerase chain reaction was used to screen for virulence genes (ply, pspA, nanA, lytA, psaA). Results The positive rate of lytA, psaA, ply, nanA and pspA in 133 clinical isolates were 94.7%, 85.0%, 82.7%, 84. 2% and 60.2%, respectively. The positive rates of the lytA, psaA, ply, nanA and pspA genes in 87 common serotypes isolates was 100%, 87.4%, 86.2%, 89.7%, 67.8%, respectively. Conclusion The total positive rates of five virulence genes in the 133 clinical strains were high. The positive rates of five genes in the com-mon serotypes isolates were higher than those in the no-common serotypes. These genes are important virulence genes of Streptococcus pneumoniae. They could be candidates for protein vaccine of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
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OBJECTIVE To study the Pseudomonas aeruginosas drug resistance in intensive care unit and its fluoroquinolone-resistant molecular mechanism,and provide scientific basis for rational employment of antibiotics in clinic. METHODS E test was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations(MIC) of 13 antibiotics against 83 P. aeruginosa strains. Twenty-eight fluoroquinolone-resistant strains were selected with standard sensitive strain-ATCC27853 as control. The quinolone resistance-determining region(QRDR)of the gyrA and parC genes was amplified by PCR and sequenced. RESULTS The positive rate of P. aeruginosa in sputum specimen was the highest from 83 strains (71.08%). gyrA Genes of all resistant strains had an ACC to ATC mutation in codon 83,leading to the amino acid substitution of threonine for a an isoleucine and 11 high level resistant strains also showed a GAC to GGC mutation in codon 87,leading to the substitution of an aspartic acid a glycine for. In addition,14 resistant strains also had an TCG to TTG mutation in codon 87 of parC gene,leading to the amino acid substitution of a serine for a leucine. We didn't find parC gene mutation existing independent in fluoroquinolone-resistant P. aeruginosa. CONCLUSIONS Meropenem remains highly active against P. aeruginosa. But the abuse of imipenem and other fluoroquinolones leads to rise in their drug-resistance rate. Fluoroquinolone-resistance has increased rapidly,the mechanism of resistance is gene mutant. It displayed that gyrA and parC gene mutation is associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
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Objective:To construct mouse peritonitis models of Enterococcus for the study of the putative virulence factor of Enterococcus.Methods:We used the standard strain OG1RF and sprE gene deficient mutant of Enterococcus faecalis to construct mouse peritonitis models.And the index of peritonitis was detected to measure the virulence decrease of sprE mutant. Results:It was showed that 50%lethal dose(LD50)of sprE mutant was 7 times than that of standard strain OG1RF,and its survival rate was also prominently that of OG1RF in the mouse peritonitis model;while the change of blood leukocytes of sprE mutant group was lower than that of standard stain at 6 hour and 12 hour;So were the TNF-? level in peritoneal fluid and active TNF-? in peritonitis at 6 hour.Conclusion:The peritonitis models of Enterococcus was constructed successfully,which would be used to study other putative virulence factor of Enterococcus face-ali.
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objective:To establish Rabbit endocarditis models caused by Enterococcus faecalis for studying virulence of Enterococcus.Methods:Standard strain OG1RF and sprE gene deficient mutant of Enterococcus faecalis were used to establish Rabbit endocarditis models.The index of endocarditis was detected to show virulence change.Results:The size,weight and Colony count of vegetation of sprE mutant groups were smaller than those of wild-type OG1RF groups in a rabbit endocarditis model.Conclusion:The Rabbit endocarditis models caused by Enterococcus were establised successfully,which would be used to study other virulence factor of Enterococcus faecalis.